Pronunciation and Phonetics

Learning proper pronunciation can be done without much knowledge of phonetics, actually. A basic knowledge, however, helps to make pronunciation clearer and thus facilitates the process of learning how to speak a foreign language properly.

eAmbalam introduces a phonetic chart which is based on Dhevanagari script. The sounds of vowels and consonants and other speech sounds in Sanskrit and the languages which have completely or mostly borrowed from it can be covered with the help of the chart. A few other sounds common to some languages in this group and outside are also put in. Unique sounds of some languages are specified too.

Diacritical marks are used to aid perfect pronunciation. World over, these marks have been created and propagated by scholars to make understanding of the differences in speech sounds in different languages better. Team eAmbalam also has created a phonetic chart which helps even first timers to pronounce words accurately.

Our Phonetic chart is unique, comprehensive, learner friendly and is divided into four columns wherein:
  • In the first column, the letter is written with the associated diacritical mark.
  • In the second column, an example is given in Dhevanagari language containing the letter.
  • In the third column, an example is given in English, which contains the sound closes to the letter or instructions in few cases, to facilitate better understanding.
  • In the fourth column, an audio button is placed with the help of which you can hear the actual pronunciation of the letter.
An open minded approach with the above introduction and guidelines will definitely enable the user to understand the speech sounds of any language and pronounce it like a native, which is eAmbalam’s aim in this exercise.

  VOWELS  
Syllable Usage in Sanskrit Usage in English
A or a Aḍavu Arise
Ā or ā Ānanda Vast
I or i Indhira Sing
Ī or ī Īśha Meal
U or u U ṣhā Good
Ū or ū Ū rdhhva Boost
R or r Riṣh i Try
Ṛ or ṛ Ni ṛ uti Grr!
Lr or lr   Pronounce L and R together.
E or e Eka Ate
AI or ai Aikya Sight
O or o Ojas Robe
AU or au Audh ā rya Now
A M or am Śhiva m Drum
A HA or aha R ā ma ha Aha!
Syllable Usage in Sanskrit Usage in English


CONSONANTS
Syllable Usage in Sanskrit Usage in English
KA or ka Kavi Car
KHA or kha Khalu Mark -Him
GA or ga Gamana Gut
GHA or gha Ghata Ugh!
Ṅ A or ṅa Tura ṅ ga Ring
CHA or ca Chakra Chart
CHHA or cha Chhandas Branch
JA or ja Jagath Jug
JHA or jha Jhallari Fudge
NYA or nya Gnyana Knew
Ṭ A or ṭ Ṭ anka Top
ṬHA or ṭha Pāṭha Pothole
ḌA or da Ḍ amaruka Dog
Ḍ HA or ḍ ha Mūḍ ha Madhouse
Ṇ A or ṇ a Ga ṇ a Wander
THA or tha Thanu Health
THHA or thha Athha Theater
DHA or dha Dha śha This
DHHA or dhha Dhhana m Dha with an additional H sound
NA or na Namask ā raha Nut
PA or pa   Path ā ka Past
PHA or pha Phala m P with a H sound
BA or ba Bandhhu Ball
BHA or bha Bhadra Abhor
MA or ma Manas Money
YA or ya Yama Yummy
RA or ra Rajas Rub
LA or la Lath ā Lust
VA or WA, va /wa A śh va or A śhwa Water/Valour
ŚHA or śha Śhakthi Shutter
ṢHA or ṣ ha Ṣh a ṇ mukha Shunt
SA or sa Sarasvatī Sun
HA or ha Hari Hum
Ḷ A or ḷ a Ar āḷ a Bold
KṢHA or k ṣ ha Ak ṣh i Try to pronounce Ka, Sa & Ha – all at one time.
Extra Vowels in Tamil, Telugu, Kannada & Malayalam Scripts    
É or é Éṇi Angel
Ō or ō Ō m Ō M
ZHA Exclusive to Tamil & Malayalam Fold the tip of your tongue backwards and try to pronounce it with the aid of the audio button.
Syllable Usage in Sanskrit Usage in English

Lyrics and Meanings (Javali)

The word "Jāvaḷi" is derived from the Kannaḍa word "Jāvaḍi" which means lewd poetry. The jāvaḷi came into existence in the nineteenth century.

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Lyrics and Meanings (Javali)

The word "Jāvaḷi" is derived from the Kannaḍa word "Jāvaḍi" which means lewd poetry. The jāvaḷi came into existence in the nineteenth century. While Padham is dignified and deals mostly with love for god / love of god, the Jāvaḷi is a much lighter form and is erotic in nature. The themes revolve around human relationships and are very sensuous. The tunes are light, catchy and appealing owing to which the Javalis are popular. The language is colloquial. The music in Jāvaḷi sis lighter, the language is colloquial and a lot of humor and satire is employed.

Padhams and Jāvaḷi are scholarly compositions in the classical genre on the theme of Śhrungāra Rasa, depicting the Nāyaka Nāyaki bhāva. Padhams are dignified compositions, describing Madhhura Bhakthi, sung in slow tempo which requires immense skill and expertise to master. Jāvaḷis are dazzling pieces which are sung in a faster tempo.

Padhams and Jāvaḷi are performed in the second half of a dance concert. Jāvaḷis treat love in a lighthearted manner. The poetry and the music selected are catchy. As Padhams, Jāvaḷi too are love songs. Jāvaḷi are sung mostly in the Nāyaka, Nāyaki and Sakhi bhāvas. Jāvaḷi talk of love that is worldly and human. In the poetry one will find the character craving for the love of a person full of human and worldly desires and motives. While dealing with human relationships, sometimes the Jāvaḷis contain contents of sensuous and erotic nature.

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Posted By: Administrator

Rāga: Kalyāṇi

Thāḷa: Rūpaka

Composer: Dhharmapuri Subayyar

Language: Thelugu

Meanings – Word by word & Overall: Rasikas Org.

Alignment, Diacriticals & consequent spelling changes, Language & grammar editing, if any and necessary, of existing meaning: Team Ambalam

 

Pallavi:

Enthaī Kuluke Inthiro Kānthuniki ippuu

 

Anupallavi:

Panthamugala Parāmbhoja Mukhi Penaginendhuku

 

Charanam 1:

Hoyalu Mīri Vidhilōna Bayalujéri Nannu Jūchi Bhayamu Léka Pāṭa Pāḍi Kaṇṇusaiga Chéyune Idhi

 

Charanam 2:

Marapu Léka Ninnaréyi Dhharmapurīhuaina Sāmi Mārunikeilōna Nātho Māṭalāḍémiidhi

 

Pallavi:

Entati Kuluke Intiro Kantunikipudu

 

Entati Kuluke = How Much Of Pride?; Intiro = Oh! Lady

Kantuniki = To The One Who Is Loved; Ipudu- = Now

 

O lady (girl,friend)! How much of pride does my loved one have now!

Note: Pride Is Not Exactly The Correct Word! Kuluku Is The Way People Behave With A Kind Of Flourish To Show That They Are Attractive, Important Etc.

 

 

Anupallavi:

Pantamu Gala Parambhoja Mukhi Penaginanduku

Pantamu Gala = One With A Score To Settle

Parambhoja Mukhi = One With A Face Like A Lotus

Penaginanduku = For Getting Into Tussle With Him.

 

O lotus-faced one! He behaves as if there is a score to settle, as I got into a tussle with him.

Note: Javalis Always Have Censored Word Overtones. The Heroine Says, Now That I Have Yielded To Him And Love Him, He Is Posing Before Me!)

 

Charanam 1:

Hoyalu Miri Vidhilona Bayaluderi Nannu Juci Bhayamu Leka Pata Padi Kannusaiga Jeyune Idi

 

 Hoyalu Miri = With Exceeding Demeanor

Vidhilona = On The Street

Bayaluderi = After Coming Out

Nannu Juci = Looking At Me

Bhayamu Leka = Without Fear

Pata Padi = After Singing

Kannusaiga Jeyune = He Made A Sign With The Eye

 

With Exceeding Demeanor, On The Street, After Coming Out, Looking At Me, After Singing He Made A Sign With The Eye Without Fear.

Note: This Is The Classical Way Of Inviting Someone. The Hero Sings And Makes Gestures With Eyes.

This Act Of Calling the heroine Is A Sign Of His One Up Man Ship!

 

 

 

 

 

 

Charanam 2:

Marapu Leka Ninnareyi Dharapurishudaina Sami Maruni Keli Lona Nato Matalademitidi

 

Marapu Leka = Without Forgetting

Ninnareyi = Last Night

Dharapurishudaina = The Lord Who Is The Husband Of Dhara Or Bhudevi

Sami = Lord

Maruni Keli Lona = In The Act Of Censored Word Play ( Maruni Keli = Game Of Manmadha)

Nato = With Me

Matalademitidi = What Kind Of Words Does He Utter

 

Having spent an unforgettable night of making love with me, how is that the Lord of Dhharmapuri refuses to have a conversation with me now?

 

Note: The Heroine Has Already Surrendered And Had made love With The Lord. Naturally He Showed His Supremacy. She In Turn Tells That She Is Close Enough To The Lord. She Does It As If She Is Complaining About Him! There Itself She Says That The Lord Is In Love With Her!!

 

Posted By: Administrator

Rāga: Khamās

Thāḷa: Ādhi

Composer: Dharmapuri Subbaiyar

Language: Thelugu

Meanings – Word by word: Rigapada – Rasikas.Org

Meanings – Overall: Rigapada – Rasikas.Org

Alignment, Diacriticals & consequent spelling changes, Language & grammar editing, if any and necessary, of existing meaning: Team Ambalam

 

Pallavi:

Éra Rārā Chéyidhera Ī Mārubāriki Thāḷaga Lérā

 

Anupallavi:

Māra Janaka Sukumāra Sundhara

 

Charanam1:

Valachi Ninnu Pilachina Nannu Sallāpinchi Mariyunullāsinchevu

 

Charanam 2:

Sarasuani Chāla Kōrinara Birāna Nannu Kaugalinchavera Saddiki

 

Charanam 3:

Parama Dayakaruau Śhrī Dhharmapaurādhhipa Śhrī Vénkateśha Chéranura

 

 

Pallavi:

Era Rara Ceyideda I Marubariki Talaga Lera

 

Era = Dear Fellow,

Rara = Come Here,

Ceyidera = Here (Is My) Hand,

I = This,

Marubariki = To The Annoyance Of Cupid,

Talagalera = Cannot Sustain,

 

Please Come, Take My Hand, Cannot Sustain The Annoyances Of Cupid (Anymore)

 

Anupallavi:

Mara Janaka Sukumara Sundara

 

Mara Janaka = Father Of Cupid,

Sukumara =One Who Was Brought Up In Delicacy,

Sundara = Beautiful One

O Father Of Cupid, One Who Was Brought Up In Delicacy, Beautiful One

 

 

Charanam 1:

Valaci Ninnu Pilacina Nannu Sallapinci Mariyu Nullasincevu

 

Valaci = Desirous Of You,

Ninnu Pilacina Nannu = Me Who Called You,

Sallapinci = Conversed (With Me,)

Mariyu = And,

Ullasincavu = (You) Rejoiced.

 

When I Called You With Desire, You Rejoiced In Conversation With Me.

 

Charanam 2:

Sarasudani Cala Korinara Birana Nannu Kaugalincavera Saddiki

 

Sarasudani = Recognizing You As A Lover

Cala = Much,

Korinara = Pined For You,

Prana = My Lfe,

Nannu = Me,

Kaugalincavera = Why Don't You Embrace Me,

Saddiga = Immediately

 

Considering You as my lover, I Pine For You. Why Do You Not come quickly and Embrace Me immediately?

 

Charanam 3:

Parama Dayakarudau Shri Dharmapauradhipa Shri Venkatesha Ceranura

 

Parama = Verily,

Dayakarude(Ai?)Na = Abode Of Kindness,

Shri Dharma Pauradipa = Ruler Of Dharmapuri,

Shri Venkatesha, Ceranu = To Reach

 

Verily, you are the Abode Of Kindness, O Ruler Of Dharmapuri,

Shri Venkatesha, I want To Reach you.

 

1 Enthaṭi Kuluke (Thelugu) click here
2 Éra Rāra (Thelugu) click here












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