Pronunciation and Phonetics

Learning proper pronunciation can be done without much knowledge of phonetics, actually. A basic knowledge, however, helps to make pronunciation clearer and thus facilitates the process of learning how to speak a foreign language properly.

eAmbalam introduces a phonetic chart which is based on Dhevanagari script. The sounds of vowels and consonants and other speech sounds in Sanskrit and the languages which have completely or mostly borrowed from it can be covered with the help of the chart. A few other sounds common to some languages in this group and outside are also put in. Unique sounds of some languages are specified too.

Diacritical marks are used to aid perfect pronunciation. World over, these marks have been created and propagated by scholars to make understanding of the differences in speech sounds in different languages better. Team eAmbalam also has created a phonetic chart which helps even first timers to pronounce words accurately.

Our Phonetic chart is unique, comprehensive, learner friendly and is divided into four columns wherein:
  • In the first column, the letter is written with the associated diacritical mark.
  • In the second column, an example is given in Dhevanagari language containing the letter.
  • In the third column, an example is given in English, which contains the sound closes to the letter or instructions in few cases, to facilitate better understanding.
  • In the fourth column, an audio button is placed with the help of which you can hear the actual pronunciation of the letter.
An open minded approach with the above introduction and guidelines will definitely enable the user to understand the speech sounds of any language and pronounce it like a native, which is eAmbalam’s aim in this exercise.

  VOWELS  
Syllable Usage in Sanskrit Usage in English
A or a Aḍavu Arise
Ā or ā Ānanda Vast
I or i Indhira Sing
Ī or ī Īśha Meal
U or u U ṣhā Good
Ū or ū Ū rdhhva Boost
R or r Riṣh i Try
Ṛ or ṛ Ni ṛ uti Grr!
Lr or lr   Pronounce L and R together.
E or e Eka Ate
AI or ai Aikya Sight
O or o Ojas Robe
AU or au Audh ā rya Now
A M or am Śhiva m Drum
A HA or aha R ā ma ha Aha!
Syllable Usage in Sanskrit Usage in English


CONSONANTS
Syllable Usage in Sanskrit Usage in English
KA or ka Kavi Car
KHA or kha Khalu Mark -Him
GA or ga Gamana Gut
GHA or gha Ghata Ugh!
Ṅ A or ṅa Tura ṅ ga Ring
CHA or ca Chakra Chart
CHHA or cha Chhandas Branch
JA or ja Jagath Jug
JHA or jha Jhallari Fudge
NYA or nya Gnyana Knew
Ṭ A or ṭ Ṭ anka Top
ṬHA or ṭha Pāṭha Pothole
ḌA or da Ḍ amaruka Dog
Ḍ HA or ḍ ha Mūḍ ha Madhouse
Ṇ A or ṇ a Ga ṇ a Wander
THA or tha Thanu Health
THHA or thha Athha Theater
DHA or dha Dha śha This
DHHA or dhha Dhhana m Dha with an additional H sound
NA or na Namask ā raha Nut
PA or pa   Path ā ka Past
PHA or pha Phala m P with a H sound
BA or ba Bandhhu Ball
BHA or bha Bhadra Abhor
MA or ma Manas Money
YA or ya Yama Yummy
RA or ra Rajas Rub
LA or la Lath ā Lust
VA or WA, va /wa A śh va or A śhwa Water/Valour
ŚHA or śha Śhakthi Shutter
ṢHA or ṣ ha Ṣh a ṇ mukha Shunt
SA or sa Sarasvatī Sun
HA or ha Hari Hum
Ḷ A or ḷ a Ar āḷ a Bold
KṢHA or k ṣ ha Ak ṣh i Try to pronounce Ka, Sa & Ha – all at one time.
Extra Vowels in Tamil, Telugu, Kannada & Malayalam Scripts    
É or é Éṇi Angel
Ō or ō Ō m Ō M
ZHA Exclusive to Tamil & Malayalam Fold the tip of your tongue backwards and try to pronounce it with the aid of the audio button.
Syllable Usage in Sanskrit Usage in English

Lyrics and Meanings (Shabdam)

Śhabdham means sound or noise. Śhabdham has Lyrics, melody and rhythm.

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Lyrics and Meanings (Shabdam)

Śhabdham means sound or noise. Śhabdham has Lyrics, melody and rhythm.

In this item the compositions with words and meanings are introduced. Abhinaya (facial expression) for the first time is introduced in the repertoire. The Abhinaya composed to simple lyrics is usually separated by easy kōrvais. The foot work along with Abhinaya is quite challenging.This is the only instance where the syllables are sung. Generally it’s like telling a synopsis in the first line then giving a description in the later repetitions. The number of stanzas can vary from 3 to 5. Each stanza can contain a different story of all of them put together is one single story. But essentially it’s about one person, one theme. It’s usually composed in Rāgamālika (consisting of different melodies) and Miśhrachāpu thāḷa (7 beats)

Initially Śhabdhams were composed and rendered in one rāga, perhaps Kāmboji. But it is now a common practice to use one Rāga for each stanza and present the composition in Rāgamālikā.

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Posted By: Administrator

Rāga: Rāgamālikā

Thāḷa: Miśhrachāpu

Composer: Tanjore Quartet

Language: Thelugu

Meaning – Word by word:

Meaning – Overall: Team Ambalam

Alignment, Diacriticals & consequent spelling changes, Language & grammar editing, if any and necessary, of existing meaning: Team Ambalam

 

 

 

Pallavi:

Sarasijākṣhulu Jalakamāḍe Tharuṇamuna Nīvu Achhathikijani
Sariga Chīralu Mella Chaikoni Tharuvu Nekkitu Chūsuthunduṭa Dhharmamā?

 

Charaṇam 1

Uṭṭi Midhanupeṭṭi Unḍeseṭṭi Palanu Aṭṭa Kanukonikoṭṭi Paṭṭi Thāgina
Geṭṭi Thanamu Idhi Kādhaiya?

 

Charaṇam 2

Alla Lakṣhmivallabhhudha Vai Tholli Alare Lopala
Golla Bhāmalukūḍithivi Adhi Chellu Nīki Idhi Chellunā?

 

Charaṇam 3

Ilanu Ninnu Maḍi Thalachi Chūḍaga Nalugurunu Ninnu Navuthurunu Chunu Lalitha Malayalamula
Dhāgina Bhali Bhali Re Śhrī Padhmanābhha Namosthuthe

 

Meaning:

 

Pallavi:

Sarasijākṣhulu Jalakamāḍe Tharuṇamuna Nīvu Achhathikijani
Sariga Chīralu Mella Chaikoni Tharuvu Nekkitu Chūsuthunduṭa Dhharmamā?

 

Sarasijākṣhulu = lotus eyed girls
Jalakamāḍe = while taking bath
Tharuṇamuna Nīvu = exactly at that time

Achhathikijani = you come
Sariga Chīralu = silk beautiful saris.
Mella Chaikoni = slowly stealing them
Tharuvu Nekk = climbing on the tree
itu Chūsuthunduṭa = watching us like this
Dhharmamā? =  does this suit you?

 

 

When we, the lotus eyed girls are bathing, you steal our silken garments and climbing on a tree, watch us. Does this suit you?

 

Charanam 1

Uṭṭi Midhanupeṭṭi Unḍeseṭṭi Palanu Aṭṭa Kanukonikoṭṭi Paṭṭi Thāgina
Geṭṭi Thanamu Idhi Kādhaiya?

 

Uṭṭi Midhanu = on the attique
peṭṭi Unḍe= i had kept it
seṭṭi Palanu = the churned butter
Aṭṭa Kanukoni= you noticed that
koṭṭi - you broke the pot
Paṭṭi Thāgina = drank all my buttermile with your cupped hands
Geṭṭi Thanamu = being shrewd or mischivious
Idhi Kādhaiya?= do you think you have done a very wise thing?

 

On the attic, I had kept churned butter. Having seen that, you broke the pot and drank all the buttermilk as mischief..do you think you have done a wise thing?

 

Charanam 2

Alla Lakṣhmivallabhhudha Vai Tholli Alare Lopala
Golla Bhāmalukūḍithivi Adhi Chellu Nīki Idhi Chellunā?

 

Alla Lakṣhmi = the great goddess Lakṣhmi

Vallabhhudhavai = being husband of
Tholli Alare = you are playing pranks

Lopala= in
Golla Bhāmalu = the shepherd ladies (gopikas)
kūḍithivi = you are harrassing
Adhi Chellu Nīki Idhi Chellunā? = do you think that suits you?

 

Being the spouse of the great goddess Lakṣhmi, you play pranks and harass shepherd ladies of a village..does this suit you?

 

Charanam 3

Ilanu Ninnu Maḍi Thalachi Chūḍaga Nalugurunu Ninnu Navuthurunu Chunu Lalitha Malayalamula
Dhāgina Bhali Bhali Re Śhrī Padhmanābhha Namosthuthe

 

Ilanu = this way
Ninnu = you
Maḍi Thalachi = my heart pines for you
Chūḍaga = and want to see you always
Nalugurunu = all the people
Ninnu= at you
Navuthurunu Chunu = laughing and joking about you
Lalitha Malayalamula = beautiful mountain
Dhāgina = you hide yourself
Bhali Bhali Re = hail to you
Śhrī Padhmanābhha = o lord Vishnu
Namosthuthe = i bow down to you, or I salute you.

 

In this way, my heart pines for you and want to see you always, though all the people laugh and joke about you. You hide yourself in the beautiful mountain area, O Padhmanābhha and I salute you. Hail to you!

1 Sarasijākṣhulu click here












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