Pronunciation and Phonetics

Learning proper pronunciation can be done without much knowledge of phonetics, actually. A basic knowledge, however, helps to make pronunciation clearer and thus facilitates the process of learning how to speak a foreign language properly.

eAmbalam introduces a phonetic chart which is based on Dhevanagari script. The sounds of vowels and consonants and other speech sounds in Sanskrit and the languages which have completely or mostly borrowed from it can be covered with the help of the chart. A few other sounds common to some languages in this group and outside are also put in. Unique sounds of some languages are specified too.

Diacritical marks are used to aid perfect pronunciation. World over, these marks have been created and propagated by scholars to make understanding of the differences in speech sounds in different languages better. Team eAmbalam also has created a phonetic chart which helps even first timers to pronounce words accurately.

Our Phonetic chart is unique, comprehensive, learner friendly and is divided into four columns wherein:
  • In the first column, the letter is written with the associated diacritical mark.
  • In the second column, an example is given in Dhevanagari language containing the letter.
  • In the third column, an example is given in English, which contains the sound closes to the letter or instructions in few cases, to facilitate better understanding.
  • In the fourth column, an audio button is placed with the help of which you can hear the actual pronunciation of the letter.
An open minded approach with the above introduction and guidelines will definitely enable the user to understand the speech sounds of any language and pronounce it like a native, which is eAmbalam’s aim in this exercise.

  VOWELS  
Syllable Usage in Sanskrit Usage in English
A or a Aḍavu Arise
Ā or ā Ānanda Vast
I or i Indhira Sing
Ī or ī Īśha Meal
U or u U ṣhā Good
Ū or ū Ū rdhhva Boost
R or r Riṣh i Try
Ṛ or ṛ Ni ṛ uti Grr!
Lr or lr   Pronounce L and R together.
E or e Eka Ate
AI or ai Aikya Sight
O or o Ojas Robe
AU or au Audh ā rya Now
A M or am Śhiva m Drum
A HA or aha R ā ma ha Aha!
Syllable Usage in Sanskrit Usage in English
 

CONSONANTS
Syllable Usage in Sanskrit Usage in English
KA or ka Kavi Car
KHA or kha Khalu Mark -Him
GA or ga Gamana Gut
GHA or gha Ghata Ugh!
Ṅ A or ṅa Tura ṅ ga Ring
CHA or ca Chakra Chart
CHHA or cha Chhandas Branch
JA or ja Jagath Jug
JHA or jha Jhallari Fudge
NYA or nya Gnyana Knew
Ṭ A or ṭ Ṭ anka Top
ṬHA or ṭha Pāṭha Pothole
ḌA or da Ḍ amaruka Dog
Ḍ HA or ḍ ha Mūḍ ha Madhouse
Ṇ A or ṇ a Ga ṇ a Wander
THA or tha Thanu Health
THHA or thha Athha Theater
DHA or dha Dha śha This
DHHA or dhha Dhhana m Dha with an additional H sound
NA or na Namask ā raha Nut
PA or pa   Path ā ka Past
PHA or pha Phala m P with a H sound
BA or ba Bandhhu Ball
BHA or bha Bhadra Abhor
MA or ma Manas Money
YA or ya Yama Yummy
RA or ra Rajas Rub
LA or la Lath ā Lust
VA or WA, va /wa A śh va or A śhwa Water/Valour
ŚHA or śha Śhakthi Shutter
ṢHA or ṣ ha Ṣh a ṇ mukha Shunt
SA or sa Sarasvatī Sun
HA or ha Hari Hum
Ḷ A or ḷ a Ar āḷ a Bold
KṢHA or k ṣ ha Ak ṣh i Try to pronounce Ka, Sa & Ha – all at one time.
Extra Vowels in Tamil, Telugu, Kannada & Malayalam Scripts    
É or é Éṇi Angel
Ō or ō Ō m Ō M
ZHA Exclusive to Tamil & Malayalam Fold the tip of your tongue backwards and try to pronounce it with the aid of the audio button.
Syllable Usage in Sanskrit Usage in English

Lyrics and Meanings (Shabdam)

Śhabdham means sound or noise. Śhabdham has Lyrics, melody and rhythm.

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Lyrics and Meanings (Shabdam)

Śhabdham means sound or noise. Śhabdham has Lyrics, melody and rhythm.

In this item the compositions with words and meanings are introduced. Abhinaya (facial expression) for the first time is introduced in the repertoire. The Abhinaya composed to simple lyrics is usually separated by easy kōrvais. The foot work along with Abhinaya is quite challenging.This is the only instance where the syllables are sung. Generally it’s like telling a synopsis in the first line then giving a description in the later repetitions. The number of stanzas can vary from 3 to 5. Each stanza can contain a different story of all of them put together is one single story. But essentially it’s about one person, one theme. It’s usually composed in Rāgamālika (consisting of different melodies) and Miśhrachāpu thāḷa (7 beats)

Initially Śhabdhams were composed and rendered in one rāga, perhaps Kāmboji. But it is now a common practice to use one Rāga for each stanza and present the composition in Rāgamālikā.

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Thanḍai Muzhaṅga

Rāga: Rāgamālikā
Thāḷa: Miśhrachāpu
Composer: Semmanarkoil Shaṇmugam
Language: Thamizh(Tamil)
Meaning – Word by word:
Meaning – Overall: Team Ambalam
Alignment, Diacriticals & consequent spelling changes, Language & grammar editing, if any and necessary, of existing meaning: Team Ambalam

Pallavi

Thanḍai Muzhaṅga Salangai Kulunga Thavazhnthu Varum Murugā- Thamizh
Thālāṭṭu Pāṭṭinil Piḷḷaiyāi Enmun Thāvi Varum Murugā
Thāvi Varum Murugā

Charanam 1
Iru Kai Munnīti Siru Naḍai Naḍanthu Sinthai Kamazh Kumarā
Oru Thénūrum Sollālé Vāi Malarnthingu Siritthu Varum Murugā
Sirithu Varum Murugā

Charanam2
Mānthaḷir Méni Nirathazhagum, Karumai Konḍa Puruvamum
Sensānthiṭṭa Thilakam Sandhana Maṇam Kamazhum Śhankaran Magane Vā
Śhankaran Magane Vā

Charanam 3
Nīla Mayilmél Véluḍan Amarnthu Nī Varum Kātchi Enne-Murugā
Enthan Sinthai Maghizhave Thanjam Alidhe Nesikum Kātchi Endro?

Charanam 4
Thénum Thinaimāvum Thindra Suvaiyāl Thinai Punal Nāḍi Vanthāi-
Ezhil Theḷḷa Thamizh Kūra Peṇṇai Manandhiḍa Theḍiye Oḍi Vandhā

Charanam 5
Mutthōḍu Ratthinam Vaitthu Padhittha Nal Mōhana Punnagaiyum-
Alai Kaṭṭum Kadalsūzh Kandhapuri Vaḷar Kandhavélé Varuga

Meaning:

Pallavi:

Thanḍai Muzhaṅga Salangai Kulunga Thavazhnthu Varum Murugā- Thamizh
Thālāṭṭu Pāṭṭinil Piḷḷaiyāi Enmun Thāvi Varum Murugā
Thāvi Varum Murugā


Thanḍai - anklet
Muzhaṅga -resounds'
Salangai-the bells of the anklet
Kulunga- shakes(referring to the sound produced as the bells in the anklet)
Thavazhnthu Varum-crawl
Thālāṭṭu - lullaby
Pāṭṭinil - song
Piḷḷaiyāi - as a baby
Enmun Thāvi Varum - He jumps up to me

O Muruga! You, as a baby, crawl up to me as I hear one of your anklets resound and the bells in the other tinkle and you jump up to be held as I sing a lullaby.


Charanam 1

Iru Kai Munnīti Siru Naḍai Naḍanthu Sinthai Kamazh Kumarā
Oru Thénūrum Sollālé Vāi Malarnthingu Siritthu Varum Murugā
Sirithu Varum Murugā

Iru- 2 (meaning both)
Kai- hands (this refers to the act of kids who when beginning to walk stretch their hands in front for balance)
Munnīti - stretched to the front
Siru Naḍai Naḍanthu - taking small steps
Sinthai Kamazh - pleases (by the beauty of the above act)
Kumarā - young lad (specially refers to lord Murugā)
Oru- 1
Thénūrum - sweet as coated with honey
Sollālé - word (word as sweet as honey)
Vāi Malarnthingu Siritthu Varum - comes with a (full )smile

O Kumarā, you stretch out both your hands ahead, taking small steps and as words sweet as honey are uttered, come with a full smile.

Charanam2

Mānthaḷir Méni Nirathazhagum, Karumai Konḍa Puruvamum
Sensānthiṭṭa Thilakam Sandhana Maṇam Kamazhum Śhankaran Magane Vā
Śhankaran Magane Vā

Mānthaḷir - tender leaves of the mango tree
Méni Nirathazhagum - complexioned
Karumai Konḍa - black
Puruvamum - eye brows
Sensānthiṭṭa Thilakam - red thilakam (applied on the forehead)
Sandhana Maṇam Kamazhum - fragrance of sandal paste (emanates)
Śhankaran Magane - son of lord shiva
Vā - come to me

Come to me, O son of Śhankara! Your complexion is that of the tender leaves of the mango tree, with dark eyebrows and a red auspicious mark on the forehead of sandal paste; come to me.

Charanam 3

Nīla Mayilmél Véluḍan Amarnthu Nī Varum Kātchi Enne-Murugā
Enthan Sinthai Maghizhave Thanjam Alidhe Nesikum Kātchi Endro?

Nīla Mayilmél - blue peacock
Véluḍan - his spear
Amarnthu - seated (with his spear on the blue peacock)
Nī Varum Kātchi - having a vision of you coming(as above)
Enne?- what words do i have to describe the beauty of it
Enthan Sinthai Maghizhave - to my delight
Thanjam Alidhe - offer me protection
Nesikum Kātchi - (the scene- katchi) of you bestowing your grace upon me
Endro? - when is it?

What to say of the sight of you arriving atop a blue peacock with the spear in your hand, much to my delight? When is the scene of you bestowing your grace upon me and offering me protection, going to occur?

Charanam 4
Thénum Thinaimāvum Thindra Suvaiyāl Thinai Punal Nāḍi Vanthāi-
Ezhil Theḷḷa Thamizh Kūra Peṇṇai Manandhiḍa Theḍiye Oḍi Vandhā

Thénum – honey
Thinaimāvum – a variety of millet; maavum; flour
Thindra – to eat
Suvaiyāl - tasty
Thinai Punal - millet field
Nāḍi – in search of
Vanthāi - came
Ezhil – beautiful
Theḷḷa - slender
Thamizh Kura Peṇṇai – Thamizh gypsy girl,
Manandhiḍa – to marry
Theḍiye – in seach of
Oḍi Vandhā – in hurry – came

Having tasted the mixture of honey and millet flour, you arrive in search of the slender Thamizh gypsy girl, to marry her.

Charanam 5
Mutthōḍu Ratthinam Vaitthu Padhittha Nal Mōhana Punnagaiyum-
Alai Kaṭṭum Kadalsūzh Kandhapuri Vaḷar Kandhavélé Varuga

Mutthōḍu Ratthinam - pearls and gems
Vaitthu Padhittha - embedded
Nal Mōhana Punnagaiyum - attractive smile (like the sheen of pearls and gem studded ornament)
Alai Kaṭṭum - the roaring sound of the waves
Kadalsūzh - surrounded by the sea
Kandhapuri Vaḷar - another name for Thiruchendhūr (one of the arupadai veedu of Murugā- where he wedded valli). This town is on the sea coast
Kandhavélé - another name for Murugā
Varuga - please come

O Murug ā, with your smile having the sheen of a pearls and gem studded ornament, you please come to Kandhapuri(Thiruchendhūr), which is surrounded by the sea and where we can hear the roaring sound of the waves

1 Thanḍai Muzhaṅga click here












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