Pronunciation and Phonetics

Learning proper pronunciation can be done without much knowledge of phonetics, actually. A basic knowledge, however, helps to make pronunciation clearer and thus facilitates the process of learning how to speak a foreign language properly.

eAmbalam introduces a phonetic chart which is based on Dhevanagari script. The sounds of vowels and consonants and other speech sounds in Sanskrit and the languages which have completely or mostly borrowed from it can be covered with the help of the chart. A few other sounds common to some languages in this group and outside are also put in. Unique sounds of some languages are specified too.

Diacritical marks are used to aid perfect pronunciation. World over, these marks have been created and propagated by scholars to make understanding of the differences in speech sounds in different languages better. Team eAmbalam also has created a phonetic chart which helps even first timers to pronounce words accurately.

Our Phonetic chart is unique, comprehensive, learner friendly and is divided into four columns wherein:
  • In the first column, the letter is written with the associated diacritical mark.
  • In the second column, an example is given in Dhevanagari language containing the letter.
  • In the third column, an example is given in English, which contains the sound closes to the letter or instructions in few cases, to facilitate better understanding.
  • In the fourth column, an audio button is placed with the help of which you can hear the actual pronunciation of the letter.
An open minded approach with the above introduction and guidelines will definitely enable the user to understand the speech sounds of any language and pronounce it like a native, which is eAmbalam’s aim in this exercise.

  VOWELS  
Syllable Usage in Sanskrit Usage in English
A or a Aḍavu Arise
Ā or ā Ānanda Vast
I or i Indhira Sing
Ī or ī Īśha Meal
U or u U ṣhā Good
Ū or ū Ū rdhhva Boost
R or r Riṣh i Try
Ṛ or ṛ Ni ṛ uti Grr!
Lr or lr   Pronounce L and R together.
E or e Eka Ate
AI or ai Aikya Sight
O or o Ojas Robe
AU or au Audh ā rya Now
A M or am Śhiva m Drum
A HA or aha R ā ma ha Aha!
Syllable Usage in Sanskrit Usage in English


CONSONANTS
Syllable Usage in Sanskrit Usage in English
KA or ka Kavi Car
KHA or kha Khalu Mark -Him
GA or ga Gamana Gut
GHA or gha Ghata Ugh!
Ṅ A or ṅa Tura ṅ ga Ring
CHA or ca Chakra Chart
CHHA or cha Chhandas Branch
JA or ja Jagath Jug
JHA or jha Jhallari Fudge
NYA or nya Gnyana Knew
Ṭ A or ṭ Ṭ anka Top
ṬHA or ṭha Pāṭha Pothole
ḌA or da Ḍ amaruka Dog
Ḍ HA or ḍ ha Mūḍ ha Madhouse
Ṇ A or ṇ a Ga ṇ a Wander
THA or tha Thanu Health
THHA or thha Athha Theater
DHA or dha Dha śha This
DHHA or dhha Dhhana m Dha with an additional H sound
NA or na Namask ā raha Nut
PA or pa   Path ā ka Past
PHA or pha Phala m P with a H sound
BA or ba Bandhhu Ball
BHA or bha Bhadra Abhor
MA or ma Manas Money
YA or ya Yama Yummy
RA or ra Rajas Rub
LA or la Lath ā Lust
VA or WA, va /wa A śh va or A śhwa Water/Valour
ŚHA or śha Śhakthi Shutter
ṢHA or ṣ ha Ṣh a ṇ mukha Shunt
SA or sa Sarasvatī Sun
HA or ha Hari Hum
Ḷ A or ḷ a Ar āḷ a Bold
KṢHA or k ṣ ha Ak ṣh i Try to pronounce Ka, Sa & Ha – all at one time.
Extra Vowels in Tamil, Telugu, Kannada & Malayalam Scripts    
É or é Éṇi Angel
Ō or ō Ō m Ō M
ZHA Exclusive to Tamil & Malayalam Fold the tip of your tongue backwards and try to pronounce it with the aid of the audio button.
Syllable Usage in Sanskrit Usage in English

Lyrics and Meanings (Sloka)

Śhloka is a term derived from Sanskrit. Śhloka is a verse, phrase, proverb or hymn of praise dedicated to the God.

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Lyrics and Meanings (Sloka)

Śhloka is a term derived from Sanskrit. Śhloka is a verse, phrase, proverb or hymn of praise dedicated to the God. Śhlokas are usually composed in a specific meter. Śhloka is a verse of two lines, each of sixteen syllables. Usually the Śhloka selected is from our ancient Purāṇas or epics - Ithihāsa - and is set to a particular rāga and thāḷa.

The dancer would give expression to the bhāva that is underlying in the Śhloka, bringing out the deeper meaning laden in it. They may even construct swaras for the Śhloka and dance to them or they would perform a Thīrmānam for them. If there is no scope for Sanchāri Bhāva in the Śhloka, then the artiste would perform to the swaras in the rāga and execute thīrmānas or nruttha, accordingly, bringing out the qualities of the manifestation of God in whose praise the Śhloka is set.

The Śhloka is always centered on this mood of serenity, and is associated with devotion. It is the state in which a man transcends from his state of mind and is transported closest to the Divine, to the Supreme and the Ultimate. Though the Śhloka selected is mostly written in Sanskrit, the artistes usually select verses from the language of the particular region, or of their choice.

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Posted By: Administrator

Rāma

 

Composer:Thulasidhās
Language: Sanskrit

Meanings - Word by word: Śhyāma Priya, USA, http://fullcircle.hummaa.com

Meanings - Overall: Team Ambalam

Alignment, Diacriticals & consequent spelling changes, Language & grammar editing, if any and necessary, of existing meaning: Team Ambalam

 

 

Śhāntham Śhāśhvatham Aprameyam Anagham Nirvāṇa Śhānthipradham
Brahma Śhambhu Phaṇīndhra Sevyamānisam Vedhānthavedhyam Vibhum |
Rāmākhyam Jagadiśhvaram Suragurum Maya Manuṣhyam Harim
Vandheham Karuṇākaram Raghuvaram Bhūpālachuḍāmaṇim ||

 

Śhāntham - The peaceful one (i.e. devoid of sorrow, anger, hatred, etc.);

 Śhāśhvatham - The eternal;

Aprameyam - The Immeasurable;

Anagham - The perfect (in qualities untouched by modes of passion (rājasa) and ignorance (thāmasa);

Nirvāṇa Śhānthipradham- The granter of limitless peace;
Brahmā - chathurmukha brahmā, son of Śhrīmannārāyaṇan (in Tamil - ayan);

Śhambhu - Lord Śhiva, son of chaturmukha brahmā (in Tamil- aran);

Phaṇi- Ādhiśheṣha (also, Lakṣhmaṇa, Balarāma, Rāmānuja);

Indhra -Surapathi Indhradheva (brother of Vāmanamūrthi);
Sevyam-prostrate;

aniṣham- always;

 Vedhānthavedhyam - glories sung by the Vedhas;

Vibhum- All pervading (same meaning as the Śhabhda Viṣhṇu);
Rāmākhyam- One who is so charming and delightful - One who has the name of Rāma;

Jagadiśhvaram- The Universal Lord;
Suragurum- One who is the guru for the suras (demigods in general), Bruhaspathi avathāram;
 Māyā Manuṣhyam - One who does deceitful yet wonderful tricks.(This word need not just be taken as illusion in an Adhvaithic connotation. In Viśhiṣhṭādhvaitham, we defined it as Āśhcharyacheṣṭitham;

Harim- One who steals our Pāpas (as defined by Prahladhāzhvān) and One who came to rescue the Elephant (as defined by Śhukhabrahmarṣhi);
Vandheham -My obeisance (I offer my respects);
Karuṇākaram- The most compassionate;

 

Raghuvaram – to the best from the Raghu Dynasty;
Bhūpāla- the ruler of the earth;
chuḍāmaṇim- to the crown jewel;

 

 

I bow down to that peaceful, eternal, immeasurable, perfect, granter of limitless peace, who is prostrated to by Brahmā, Śhiva, Ādhiśheṣha and Indhra, whose glories are sung by the Vedhas, who is all pervading, charming, the universal Lord, who is the teacher of the Gods and does wonderful tricks, the one who steals our de-merits, the most compassionate, the best of the Raghu dynasty and the crown jewel amongst the rulers of the earth .

Posted By: Administrator

Ramo Nāma Babhūva

 

Composer: Śhrī Bilwamaṅgala
Language: Sanskrit

Meanings - Word by word: Team Ambalam

Meanings - Overall: www.srihayagrivan.org/ebooks/014_kk_p2_pt2.pdf

Alignment, Diacriticals & consequent spelling changes, Language & grammar editing, if any and necessary, of existing meaning: Team Ambalam

 

Verse Selected From Śhrī Kruṣhṇa Karṇāmrutham

 

Rāmo Nāma Babhūva Hum Thath Abalā Sīthā Ithi Hum Thau Pithuhu

Vacha Panchavaṭī Thaṭe Viharathaha Thām Aharath Rāvaṇaha |

Nidhrārtham Jananī Katham Iti Hareh Humkārathah Śhrunvathaha

Saumithre Kva Dhhanur Dhhanur Dhhanurithi Vyāghra Giraha Pāthu Naha

|| Kruṣhṇa Karṇāmrutham Śhlokam 2:71||


Rāmo Nāma – by the name, Rāma;

Babhūva – was there;

 Hum- ok or yes as a reply or response;

Thath Abalā – that frail person (woman, wife)

Sīthā Ithi – was with the name, Sīthā

 Hum - ok or yes as a reply or response;

Thau – they both;

Pithuhu Vacha – the words of the father;

 Panchavaṭī Thaṭe – on the banks of Panchavaṭī;

 Viharathaha – were staying;(roaming about)

Thām – her;

Aharath – kidnapped;

Rāvaṇaha - Rāvaṇa, the demon;

Nidhrārtham – in order to sleep;

 Jananī – the mother

 Katham- story

 Ithi Hareh- thus it is so of Hari

 Humkārathah – making ‘hum’ sounds as reply;

 Śhrunvathaha – listening to;

Saumithre Kva Dhhanur Dhhanur Dhhanurithi – O son of Sumithrā (Lakṣhmaṇa), where is my bow? The bow, the bow??

Vyāghra Giraha – the tiger like

 Pāthu – protect;

Naha – us;

 

Yaśhodhā started telling Kruṣhṇa a story and Kruṣhṇa was listening to it by saying

‘hum’ meaning ok or yes.

Yaśhodhā  - There was Rāma

Kruṣhṇa- ok

Yaśhodhā  - He had a wife , Sīthā

Kruṣhṇa-ok

Yaśhodhā - when they both went to the forest at the words of His father and lived in Panchavaṭi

Kruṣhṇa - ok

Yaśhodhā - Rāvaṇa carried Her off.

Immediately Kruṣhṇa said, - “Oh Lakṣhmaṇa, where is my bow? The bow, the bow”

He became Rāma in that instant remembering His former avathāra.

May that brave lord protect us.

1 Rāma click here
2 Ramo Nāma Babhūva click here












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